Invention of Standardized Money :: essays research papers

There were numerous purposes behind the development of normalized cash. Initially, no one needed to convey 30 pounds of grain to the exchange city that could have been 100 miles away. Second, it was hard to decide the genuine expense of various products. For instance, on the off chance that someone needed to purchase milk for his family, it would nearly be difficult to make sense of a reasonable trade for grain. At long last, the deal framework restricted the individuals who might exchange with one another. Not every person would need to buy milk or grain. In entirety, there were an excessive number of confusions and wasteful aspects in a deal economy. Individuals in old occasions built up the idea of cash around the year 2500 B.C. A few students of history contend that it might have been much before. The primary type of ?cash? was silver in Mesopotamia. Silver worked simply like the cash we use today. It had a norm, it was said something shekels with the goal that one could decide the estimation of the silver according to its weight. Today, the manner in which we decide the estimation of our cash is by taking a gander at the number toward the sides of a bill. Like our cash today, silver was effectively versatile contrasted with merchandise like milk and grain. The defects with the early silver cash framework were obvious. Someone could without much of a stretch take another composite metal and tell the dealer that it was silver. At the end of the day, forging was moderately simple. Thus, a dealer would need know individual that was offering their silver so as to forestall misrepresentation. There were different norms of cash in better places. There were distinctive dirt tokens. Individuals who were not as well off as the individuals who paid in silver paid in less significant metals like copper, tin, and lead, yet for the most part grain. Inevitably, shippers thought of a thought. On the off chance that the vast majority of their clients paid in a specific money, at that point they would in this manner take just that particular cash. This thought began to gradually slaughter off different monetary forms. By executing off monetary forms they were making silver the command cash. Innovation of Standardized Money :: papers research papers There were numerous explanations behind the innovation of normalized cash. In the first place, no one needed to convey 30 pounds of grain to the exchange city that could have been 100 miles away. Second, it was hard to decide the genuine expense of various products. For instance, on the off chance that someone needed to purchase milk for his family, it would nearly be difficult to make sense of a reasonable trade for grain. At last, the deal framework restricted the individuals who might exchange with one another. Not every person would need to buy milk or grain. In aggregate, there were an excessive number of confusions and wasteful aspects in a deal economy. Individuals in antiquated occasions built up the idea of cash around the year 2500 B.C. A few students of history contend that it might have been much before. The principal type of ?cash? was silver in Mesopotamia. Silver worked simply like the cash we use today. It had a norm, it was said something shekels with the goal that one could decide the estimation of the silver comparable to its weight. Today, the manner in which we decide the estimation of our cash is by taking a gander at the number toward the edges of a bill. Like our cash today, silver was effectively compact contrasted with merchandise like milk and grain. The defects with the early silver cash framework were apparent. Someone could without much of a stretch take another combination metal and tell the dealer that it was silver. As it were, forging was generally simple. Therefore, a trader would need know individual that was offering their silver so as to forestall misrepresentation. There were different gauges of cash in better places. There were distinctive dirt tokens. Individuals who were not as affluent as the individuals who paid in silver paid in less significant metals like copper, tin, and lead, however for the most part grain. In the long run, shippers thought of a thought. On the off chance that the greater part of their clients paid in a specific money, at that point they would thusly take just that particular cash. This thought began to gradually execute off different monetary forms. By executing off monetary forms they were making silver the rule money.

Interpersonal Styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Relational Styles - Essay Example She needed to get up promptly toward the beginning of the day to settle the individual exercises. She had make nourishment for the children, prepared them and leave them to class. In the wake of settling with the kids, she needed to mastermind to join the work. As a railroad accounts assistant, she has different delicate duties to keep up the records capably and precisely. She needs to keep outrageous good judgment and sharp reasoning capacity, which are basic to convey serious work execution. The best possible upkeep and refreshing of bookkeeping records are a lot of fundamental for building upper hand and for the beneficial development of the association. Linda leisure activities are to peruse different sorts of food making books. She likewise read those books since she is attached to cooking. In spare time, she used to watch parody and unscripted TV dramas for restoring from pressure and amusement. She had two Kids named Lina and Tom who are attached to watching animation appears, which acquires them with satisfaction and bliss in their life. Linda use to be formal in wear with outfits and shoes in proficient spot though at home and other get-togethers she puts on easygoing appearance with pants, shirts and boots. Children have variety in dresses corresponding to class and different spots. In school, Tom used to be dressed with yellow T-shirts and white jeans while Lina puts on gowns. Linda and her two children Lina and Tom have indicated changed contrasts in their relational styles. Three of the people as human instinct differ as per the mental impacts that emerge in their life. Lina shows confident relational style when her mom doesn't call her to go to class. She used to appreciate and play with her companions the entire day. Her mom brings different toys to play and satire books for perusing for the youngsters. On the other hand, shows forceful relational styles when one of the above necessities are not satisfied.

What Is the Libido in Psychology

What Is the Libido in Psychology Theories Behavioral Psychology Print The Psychological Definition of Libido By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on September 24, 2019 Cavan Images / Iconica / Getty Images More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand Freudian View Fixation Repression Modern View Increasing Libido View All Back To Top Libido  is a term used by in psychoanalytic theory to describe the energy created by the survival and sexual instincts.?? According to Sigmund Freud, the libido is part of the  id  and is the driving force of all behavior. While the term libido has taken on an overtly sexual meaning in todays world, to Freud it represented all psychic energy and not just sexual energy.?? Freudian Views of the Libido Freud believed that the id was the only part of personality present from birth. The id, he suggested, was a reservoir of unconscious, primal energy.?? The id seeks pleasure and demands the immediate satisfaction of its desires. It is the id that serves as the source of our wants and impulses.?? The Libido and the Id How does the libido function in the id? The id is controlled by what Freud termed the  pleasure principle. Essentially, the id directs all of the bodys actions and processes to achieve the greatest amount of pleasure possible.?? Because the id is almost entirely unconscious, people are not even aware of many of these urges. The id demands immediate gratification of even our most basic urges. If the id had its way, you would take what you want, when you want, no matter the situation.?? Obviously, this would cause some serious problems. Our wants and desires are not always appropriate, and acting on them could have serious repercussions. The Influence of the Ego So what stops people from simply acting upon their most basic instincts and desires? The  ego  is the part of personality charged with harnessing the ids libidinal energy and making sure that these urges are expressed in acceptable ways.?? The ego is governed by the  reality principle, which is focused on helping the person achieve their goals in ways that are realistic and acceptable.?? So while the libidinal desires of the id might tell you to grab that donut off of the store shelf and start eating it immediately, the ego reigns in this impulse. Instead, you take the socially acceptable actions of placing the donuts in your cart, paying for them at the register, and taking them home before you finally give in to your urge to eat the tasty treat. The Role of the Superego Adding a further complication to this process is the superego. The ego also must mediate between the basic demands created by the libido as well as the idealistic standards imposed by the  superego. The superego is the part of personality that involves the ideals and morals internalized from parents, authority figures and society.?? Where the id pushes the ego to maximize pleasure, the superego pushes it to behave morally. The Role of the Id, Ego, and Superego The Libido and Fixation The way in which libido is expressed depends upon the stage of development a person is in. According to Freud, children develop through a series of  psychosexual stages. At each stage, the libido is focused on a specific area. When handled successfully, the child moves to the next stage of development and eventually grows into a healthy, successful adult.??   In some cases, the focus on a persons libidinal energy may remain fixed at an earlier stage of development in what Freud referred to as  fixation.?? When this happens, the libidos energy may be too tied to this developmental stage and the person will remain stuck in this stage until the conflict is resolved. For example, the first stage of Freud s theory of psychosexual development is the  oral stage. During this time, a childs libido is centered on the mouth so activities such as eating, sucking, and drinking are important. If an oral fixation occurs, an adults libidinal energy will remain focused on this stage, which might result in problems such as nail-biting, drinking, smoking, and other habits.?? The Libidos Energy Is Limited Freud also believed that each individual only had so much libido energy. Because the amount of energy available is limited, he suggested that different mental processes compete for what is available.?? For example, Freud suggested that the act of  repression, or keeping memories out of conscious awareness, requires a tremendous amount of psychic energy. Any mental process that requires so much energy to maintain has an effect on the minds ability to function normally.?? The goal of psychoanalysis, Freud believed, was to bring the unconscious libidinal urges into conscious awareness. In doing so, such urges could be dealt with consciously without over-relying on the egos defense mechanisms. How Does Psychoanalytic Therapy Work? Modern Views of the Libido Beyond its Freudian origins, the term libido is most often used today in reference to a persons sex drive. The libido involves more than simply the biological desire for sex, but also the psychological and social factors that contribute to sexual activity.?? The modern usage of the term libido likely stems from Freuds original use of the term to apply to sexual desire. As Freud continued to develop his ideas, however, he began to view the libido as more than just sexual urges and more of a general life instinct that encompasses survival instincts and other motivations as well. Some factors that can influence the libido or sex drive:?? Sex hormones, including testosterone and estrogen, create the biological urge for sex and help regulate the libido.Psychological factors that can influence the libido include stress, personality, age, relationship status, lifestyle, and past experiences can also affect a persons desire for intimacy and sex. For example, sexual abuse and trauma can impact libido. Other issues such as body image, self-esteem, and depression can make people desire sex less.Social issues including loneliness, poor relationships, and intimacy issues can also dampen the libido.Medical and health conditions can also influence a persons desire for sex. Medical conditions such as illness, fatigue, and medications can often lower the libido. Sexual disorders including hypoactive sexual drive disorder and female sexual arousal disorder can also lead to lowered libidinal drive. Boost Your Libido Low libido is a common problem.?? Research suggests that 15 percent of men and nearly 32 percent of women experience low sexual desire. However, research has also found that a number of lifestyle changes can help boost libido.?? Talk to your doctor. Hormonal changes related to birth control can often result in low libido. Discuss your options with your physician. In some cases, switching to a different birth control pill or method may help. Other medications may also affect your sex drive, so checking your other meds may also be helpful. Check your stress levels. Excessive stress can impair your libido, so finding ways to relax and cope with stress effectively can improve sex and intimacy. Exercise. Physical exercise has many positive benefits, including improving the sex drive.?? One study found that brief periods of exercise improve physical sexual arousal in women who were taking antidepressants. A Word From Verywell The concept of the libido continues to play an important role in psychoanalysis, but the term has taken on a somewhat different meaning in its modern usage. Today, when we talk about the libido, we likely refer to the general idea of the desire for sex. A number of factors can play a role in the libido beyond biological influences, including psychological and social factors. If you are concerned about your libido, consider talking to your doctor or mental health professional. How Stress Can Contribute to Low Libido

HRM Summative Assignment - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2133 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Did you like this example? HRM Summative Assignment For the purpose of the question this assignment will look specifically at training and development (TD) and its relevance to the professional service firm KPMG. Training and development are part of the Human Resource development (HRD) process. HRD is a process for developing and unleashing human expertise through organisational development and personnel training and development for the purpose of improving performance (Swanson, 1995)[1]. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "HRM Summative Assignment" essay for you Create order More specifically, Training is the procedure by which the skills, aptitudes and abilities of employees to carry out particular jobs are imparted (Jucius, 1975)[2].   The process is fundamentally one of learning in which employees can increase the effectiveness of their performance in the workplace, therefore increasing the chances of a company to reach their objectives at the most cost effective way possible. Development refers to the prospects of learning that are intended in order to help the employee grow. It does not necessarily relate to skill-orientated activities as the development processes can provide new attitudes and general knowledge. KPMG is a successful network of globally professionalcompanies offering Tax, Advisory and Auditing services, in taking revenue of $22.7 billion in 2008. They have 135,000 professionals working in 146 countries worldwide, in order to deliver value to the customer. KPMG work in a competitive environment, being one of the four strong accounting firms (See Appendix 1[3]) they have to constantly strive to improve with executive vice chair Jack Taylor stating that everything we have is based on starting with the core philosophy on building knowledge by building a training and development program that is the best of the big four[4]. According to the website Sustaining and enhancing the quality of this professional workforce is KPMGs primary objective. Wherever we operate we want our firms to be no less than the professional employers of choice[5] . With this objective and a competitive environment with the need to differentiate, it is clear that training and development is vital for the success of the company as their reputation is built upon a good standard of service which requires a good local knowledge, sufficient insight into certain industries and also high professional capabilities. The recent global recession has been a critical period for KPMG as they are highly involved in servicing the financial sector , which was especially affected by the crisis. They will have had to fulfil their services to their clients in order for them to get through the difficult financial period. For a company such as KPMG this means increased workload and pressure on them to respond rapidly and react suitably to keep up the loyalty from clients. However, KPMG have a flexile and adaptable training strategy with their managers and training department integrating together, within the short space of a few days being able to create a resolution by providing a programme for employees to learn. With specific reference to the recession, this contained tactics to deal with the financial situation and develop their understanding of the regulatory, technical and industry standards in order to efficiently deal with their clients. Looking at the Leitch Review (2006) it has become apparent that training and development needs to be considered at a strategic level. According to McCracken and Wallace (2000) a strategy driven approach contains nine characteristics (See Appendix 2)[6]. KPMG provide training and development through a strategy-driven approach in which they incorporate technical expertise in each of the services they provide: auditing, advisory and tax methods and education is provided into global business ethics and the development of leadership. This is all included in their business model which is all about creating knowledge within their employees. Appendix 2 (Fombrun et al., 1984) shows how training and development fits in with a strategic HRM approach[7]. It is apparent that their training and development is continuous in order to reach a good level of performance, with the learning for their employees being never-ending. Due to the variation of different information incoming to the business it is vital that training and development occurs on a daily or weekly basis rather than yearly. KPMGs efficient ways of focusing relentlessly on gathering and analysing data for every aspec t of their business ensures that their TD is inline with the companies overall business strategy therefore allowing this frequent training to be more focused and efficient. According to BusinessWeek in 2009, after a three part survey, with training making up the third part, KPMG was deemed as the 4th best company in the world to launch a career at[8][9]. Looking at an interview of Eric (See Appendix 3)[10], a senior manager at KPMG, it is clear that the attractions of joining the firm are mainly down to their practical training and development programs. Many graduates launch their careers at KPMG. From the minute they join they are supported through various training and development schemes. It is intimidating joining a large firm, but from the beginning KPMG make graduates feel integrated and constantly make sure their knowledge is being developed. This is done through a specifically designed support network which includes mentoring with a recently qualified trainee. Mentoring ca n be one of the most powerful development approaches available to individuals and organisations (Clutterbuck, 1998)[11]. It is a developmental relationship between two individuals, the mentor and a protà ©gà ©. In which the mentor provides a variety of career-related and psycho-social functions for the protà ©gà © (Kram, 1985)[12]. Its benefits include enhancing learning outcomes and organisational commitment (Lankau Scandura, 2002; Donaldson, Ensher et al., 2000). Also in this support network the new employees receive coaching. Coaching aims to enhance the performance and learning ability of others.   It involves providing feedback, but it also uses other techniques such as motivation, effective questioning and consciously matching your management style to the employees readiness to undertake a particular task.   It is based on helping the employee to help her/himself through dynamic interaction, not relying on a one-way glow of telling and instructing (Landsb erg, 1997)[13]. This is done by a performance manager who takes full responsibility in the development of employees by setting objectives, monitoring performance and helping the employee learn from problems. A counselling partner is also assigned in order to guarantee that employees are developing to their full potential by monitoring their progress in the long-term. This links with the 7th characteristic of McCracken and Wallaces (2000) strategy driven approach to TD that trainers do not only have an expanded role, including facilitation and acting as organizational change consultants, but also lead as well as facilitate change. It is clear that training and development within the company is not only important for making employees more knowledgeable but is also for attracting the best new employees from around the globe because of the high reputation of their TD system. KPMG dont only concentrate their TD on new employees at the business. They make employees at all levels learn and understand the strategic goals of the company and the role they are going to play in achieve these for KPMG.   The company have a program called the Chairmans 25, where every so often, 25 highly performing employees are chosen to undertake the program. This helps these employees to further develop their knowledge through a multifaceted leadership development approach eventually taking on key senior roles in the firm To conclude, training and development increases productivity but comes at a cost. It needs to take into account the organisations objectives and strategy and identify the skills and competencies required now and in the future. The key challenges faced by training and development include achieving strategic integration, building a learning culture, promoting workplace learning, and developing managerial and leadership capability. For KPMG, the benefits they receive from their TD clearly outweigh the costs, with a clear causal link between their TD and the in creasing performance of the organisation. They have created one of the strongest learning and development schemes on a global level. This can be seen by their training methods that are directly intended at creating a top class service to their clients, through their blend of coaching and mentoring, technical training, skill building programs and industry insights, the have been furthered to Number 2 on the global Training Top 125 list. Joining KPMG at any level is beneficial because of their TD programs occur at all levels and the opportunities are endless for their employees, from graduates to more senior members. Bibliography Books Swanson, R. (1995) Human resource development: performance is the key Human Resource Development Quarterly   vol 7 (3), 203-207 Harrison, R. Kessels, J. (2004) Human Resource Development in a Knowledge Economy Hampshire: Palgrave. Jucius, M. Personnel Management, Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1975, pg 225. McCracken, M. and Wallace, M. (2000) Towards a redefinition of strategic HRD. Journal of European Industrial Training pg 281-90 Fombrun, C. Tichy, N. Devanna, M. (1984) Strategic Human Resource Management New York: Wiley Group Esc Toulouse (2002) Conference on life long learning for a knowledge based society.   France: Toulouse Business School Clutterbuck, D. (1998), Learning Alliances: tapping into talent, London: Institute of Personnel Development. Kram, K.E., Isabella, L.A. (1985). Mentoring Alternatives: The role of peer relationships in career development. Academy of Management Journal, 28(1), 110-132. Landsberg, M, (1997) Tao of Coaching: Boost Your Effectiveness at Work by Inspiring and Developing Those Around You, Websites https://www.kpmg.com/Global/en/JoinUs/WhyKPMG/Learning-and-development/Pages/Default.aspx https://www.corporatetraining.ie/training-case-study-kpmg.html https://www.kpmgcareers.com/whoweare/training.pdf https://bwnt.businessweek.com/interactive_reports/career_launch_2009/ https://www.kpmg.com/GLOBAL/EN/JOINUS/PEOPLECULTURE/PEOPLE-PROFILES/Pages/Profile4.aspx https://www.trainingmag.com/msg/content_display/publications/e3id4a71ae8a1475303ec84ba8f87139b3f https://bwnt.businessweek.com/interactive_reports/career_launch_2009/ Appendices Appendix 1 4 Big accounting firms comparison. Firm Revenues Employees Fiscal Year PWC $26.2n 163,000 2009 Deloitte $26.1bn 169,000 2009 Ernst Young $21.4bn 144,144 2009 KPMG $20.11BN 135,000 2009 Appendix 2 -HRD as part of a strategic HRM approach Appendix 3 9 characteristics of strategic HR approach HRD shapes the organisations mission and goals as well as having a role in strategy implementation Top management are leaders rather than supporters us of HRD. Senior management (not just HRD professionals) are involved in environmental scanning in relation to HRD HRD strategies, policies and plans are developed, which relate to both present and the future direction of the organisation and the top management team is involved in this Line manages our not only committed and involved in HRD but involved as strategic partners There is strategic integration with other aspects of HRM Trainers not only have an expanded role, including facilitation and acting as organizational change consultants, but also lead as well as facilitate change HRD professionals have a role in influencing the organisational culture There is an emphasis on future oriented cost effectiveness and results in terms of evaluation of HRD activity. Appendix 4 Interview with senior manager Eric off KPMG site What attracted you to KPMG? I joined as a graduate. Among what were the Big Six organizations at that time, I chose KPMG because of the friendly environment, well-structured and practical training and development programs, and the member firms strong client base. How have professional qualifications, training, mentoring or coaching helped your career? The training I received has helped me to get the required professional qualifications quickly and to acquire both the hard and soft skills needed for my daily work. The mentoring and coaching I received has given me practical guidance on work matters. Thus, I always encourage my team and myself to spend more time on training, mentoring and coaching junior staff, so that each member within the team and the team as a whole can grow faster. I have found the training provided at KPMG in China is varied and very high quality. For graduates this includes the exam assist ance program, followed by technical Audit training (what we called hard skills), but also management and communication skills (what we call soft skills). [1] Swanson, R. (1995) Human resource development: performance is the key Human Resource Development Quarterly vol 7 (3), 203-207 [2] Jucius, M. Personnel Management, Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1975, pg 225. [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Four_auditors [4] https://www.kpmgcareers.com/whoweare/training.pdf, pg 2 [5] https://www.kpmg.com/Global/en/WhoWeAre/About/Pages/default.aspx [6] McCracken, M. and Wallace, M. (2000) Towards a redefinition of strategic HRD. Journal of European Industrial Training pg 281-90 [7] Fombrun, C. Tichy, N. Devanna, M. (1984) Strategic Human Resource Management New York: Wiley Group Esc Toulouse (2002) Conference on life long learning for a knowledge based society.   France: Toulouse Business School [8] [9] https://bwnt.businessweek.com/interactive_reports/career _launch_2009/ [10] https://www.kpmg.com/GLOBAL/EN/JOINUS/PEOPLECULTURE/PEOPLE-PROFILES/Pages/Profile4.aspx [11] Clutterbuck, D. (1998), Learning Alliances: tapping into talent, London: Institute of Personnel Development. [12] Kram, K.E., Isabella, L.A. (1985). Mentoring Alternatives: The role of peer relationships in career development. Academy of Management Journal, 28(1), 110-132. [13]   Landsberg, M, Tao of Coaching: Boost Your Effectiveness at Work by Inspiring and Developing Those Around You, 1997

Vygotsky s Socio Cultural Theory - 867 Words

The Early Years Learning Framework describes play as a â€Å"context for learning† in which children make sense of their world (DEEWR, 2009, p.9). Play is essential for learning and development as it provides opportunities for children to express themselves creatively, construct new understandings, and develop relationships (Undiyaundeye, 2013). Play supports the student’s developmental domains such as; social, language, and creativity, cognitive, emotional and physical development. The National Quality Framework acknowledges the educator’s role as facilitator, in which they respond to student’s ideas, play and use intentional teaching to extend and scaffold each student learning (ACECQA, 2013, p. 40). Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory describes learning as a social activity, in which the child’s social and cognitive understanding is constructed through social interaction (Duchesne et al., 2013; Arthur et al., 2015). He believes that play occ urs in a socio-cultural context and provides ‘Zone of Proximal’ development for a student in which they can behave beyond their age and act in ways that are not typical of their daily behavior. The educator at pre-primary structured the classroom to support and encourage interaction, for instance, the home corner, which consisted of multiple dining chairs and a range of resources for dramatic play. The pre-primary teacher took on the role as onlooker and mediator during the children’s play, interrupting their play to manage behavior issues,Show MoreRelatedSocio-cultural Assessment1369 Words   |  5 PagesSocio-cultural assessment is realising and understanding the way a child responds to challenges and change. Their responses and perceptions are based on the world in which they live. Their understanding of the world comes from the values and beliefs of the adults, community, socio-economic status, education and culture that surround them. (Mooney, 2000). When making an assessment on an individual child it is necessary to consider the background and culture in which they exist. Berger (2005), statesRead MoreEssay on Lev Vygotsky and Social Development Theory1038 Words   |  5 PagesExplain Lev Vygotsky(1896-1934) was a Russian psychologist who created the Social Development Theory/ Sociocultural Theory. Vygotsky believed that childrens mental, language, and social development is supported and enhanced through social interaction. Vygotsky also believed that beginning at birth, children seek out adults for social interactions and that development occurs through these interactions. 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How the stimulus material was developed through the drama process Free Essays

To begin our performances, and even before the groups had been finalised the class received two pieces from the teacher. The first was the general notion of ‘Time passing’ and the second was part of a poem: ‘Gather ye rosebuds while ye may Old time is still a-flying; And the same flower that smiles today Tomorrow will be dying.’ – Robert Herrick We began a short scene based on the stimuli of the poem. We will write a custom essay sample on How the stimulus material was developed through the drama process or any similar topic only for you Order Now We set up ‘mirror image’ scenes. On each side of the scene there was a female, a male (who began off stage) along with an additional character that would try and approach the woman. In one scene the man decided to meet the woman and they went off happily†¦however the man on the other side waited too long and the additional character went on with the female. He did not take the opportunity and lost the woman. The second half of the lesson was spent discussing ideas for a Devised Drama piece. We, as a smaller group, were given the stimulus of an article entitled ‘How to build a time machine’. This evoked serious discussion and developed onto ideas similar to films such as ‘The Butterfly Effect’ and ‘Groundhog Day’ along with films such as ‘Final Destination’ – from which we could take similar ideas. However, in later sessions we soured on ideas taken from this, but did decided to include reliving situations or death. A group member provided the next piece of stimulus. It was a song by The Streets called â€Å"The Irony of it All†, in which there are two ‘characters’ a young alcohol drinker and a cannabis smoker. The song portrays the alcohol drinker as ‘yobbish’ and destructive – slurring his words and not being able to come up with a competent argument besides repeating himself several times. The cannabis smoker was shown as being calm, level headed and smarter than the alcohol drinker. This brought up the argument ‘Are drugs better than alcohol?’ It must be realised that there are good and bad points to everything and the group was eager that we show both sides of the argument with possibly a middle ground of ‘Either being good in moderation.’ The first scene created was based on this song. It was the after-effects of the night before. Set on a communal living space on a University campus, there was a couch, two chairs with a table and space to work on the floor. A drunken character, played by Jack, was ‘crashed out’ on the couch and two other characters, played by Saimon and Luke, were at the table smoking cannabis. Two other characters entered together from one side of the stage and began teasing ‘Jack’ for what had happened the night before. Another character, a class A drug addict, played by Kate entered and sat at the floor beginning to work. She complained to the others about the noise†¦however they ignored her and she stormed out. The scene ended when ‘Alice’ and ‘I’ headed out to the lectures leaving the others to recuperate from their actions. The purpose of the scene was to compare the effects of each drug, and began the idea of separate ‘groups’ for each drug. The second part of the scene was layered over the action of ‘Jack’, ‘Saimon’ and ‘Luke’. In this scene ‘Katie’ began an internal monologue. In which she detailed the shortcomings of each person and the shortcomings of herself. As the play developed these scenes, these scenes were cut. However they were not cut completely, only transformed into similar scenes. The first scene was changed to the ‘Saturday Night’ scene, with the comparison of Cannabis and Alcohol – showing two groups of people separately doing stereotypical ‘Saturday Night’ things, and confronting each other. The scene was intended to show the positives of marijuana as opposed to the negatives of alcohol. The second part of the scene formed the basis of what is now the ‘Green Acres’ scene, revealing the short falls of each character, as they stand to their feet and admit to the ‘group’ (i.e. The audience) what they have done, why, and what they are going to do about it. The final piece of stimulus was the photo of Rachel Whitear, a heroin addict who was found kneeling in her room, clutching the needle in one hand. A photograph was taken of her in this position, and her parents decided to teach children about the effects of drugs by offering to show this picture and videos about Rachel to school children throughout the country. The image is very haunting and powerful, and we decided that we would display the picture in our heroin overdose scene. Originally the plan was for the character, played by Kate, to emulate the ‘pose’ on the stage, whilst the picture of Rachel was projected on the white wall of the drama studio. However we felt that the use of a projector would seem out of place in a play that purposefully lacks props, set design and only uses a small amount of lighting. We also decided that this would require us to use the projector throughout the performance and we would run the risk of the technology failing. How to cite How the stimulus material was developed through the drama process, Essays

Student Uniforms Essays - Uniforms, Childrens Clothing,

Student Uniforms Student Uniforms Students are always complaining about the dress codes at their school, and totally rejecting the idea of school uniforms, but I feel there are many benefits to this proposal. These days everyone is so concerned about being attractive and popular that they forget the real reason for going to school. The increase in academic performance and school spirit, along with the decrease in violence, is more important than looking cool for your friends. South Carolina school systems have the lowest test scores in the nation. Our students are not daft; they just do not consider schoolwork a top priority. With uniforms for every student, there would be less focus on fashion and more emphasis on education. Our report cards would be posted on the refrigerators for everyone to see, rather than stuffing them in the bottom of our backpacks. The students would be rewarded for their efforts, therefore their self esteem would also rise. Teen violence has reached its peak in our schools. Last year, numerous killings took place at schools around the country, largely due to taunting amongst the students. Uniforms would prohibit the wearing of chains, large pockets for hiding weapons, and gang colors worn to incite fights. Less students would be teased for their attire, and sexual harassment caused by provocative clothing would come to an end. Our schools would provide a more secure environment in which we all could learn. School spirit in South Carolina is extremely lacking, and it shows. Our athletic teams have very limited support, and it affects their performance greatly. A student could be missing on a field trip, and they would not be located for hours because they simply "blended" with the crowds from other schools. If we were obligated to wear uniforms, we would be more recognizable in public surroundings, and our sense of school pride would blossom. To quote Henry David Thoreau, "take the earth at your feet, and paint your house that color." School spirit should shine eminently in all students' lives; not fizzle out like a dampened fuse. Many students argue about the restrictions on their personal freedom. They do not realize that they could still select their own trendy accessories, and they can wear whatever they desire at home and on the weekends. I feel also, that with a standardized dress code, individual personalities would shine, and not be hidden behind the latest fashion. Parents are constantly advising their children that if everyone appeared the same on the outside, people would begin to recognize others for what is on the inside. We are encouraged to change the standards and be individuals. We should all stand out in what we achieve, and what we believe; not in what we wear.